USS transform

Understand the USS transform properties, their syntax, and accepted values.

読み終わるまでの所要時間 7 分

最終更新 22日前

The transform properties apply a 2D transformation to a visual element. You can use them to rotate, scale, or move a visual element.

If you change the layout of an element, Unity recalculates the layout of other elements in the same hierarchy. This recalculation might reduce an animation's frame rate. Applying transform to an element reduces recalculations because it doesn't change the layout of other elements in the hierarchy.

It's possible to use transform to define the static appearance of a visual element. However, transform is best used for changes and animations. For example, if you want to make a visual element shake when an event happens in an application, set the position of the visual element using the regular layout properties such as

top

and

left

, and then use

translate

to align an offset relative to the initial position.

Transform includes the following properties:

Property	USS syntax	Description
Transform Origin	`transform-origin`	Represents the point of origin where rotation, scaling, and translation occur.
Translate	`translate`	Repositions the visual element in horizontal or vertical directions.
Scale	`scale`	Changes the apparent size, padding, border, and margins of a visual element. Negative values flip visual elements along the scale axis.
Rotate	`rotate`	Rotates a visual element. Positive values represent clockwise rotation and negative values represent counterclockwise rotation. You can set rotation with `deg` , `grad` , `rad` , or `turn` units. For more information on these units, see MDN Web Docs's page on the `<angle>` CSS data type.

注

All transformations are performed in the following order:

Scale
Rotate
Translate

You can set transform properties for a visual element using the controls in the UI Builder, within a USS file, or using a C# script.

Transform controls in the UI Builder

You can use the controls in the Transform section of the

Inspector

in the UI Builder to set the transform properties of a visual element.

Pivot Origin

The Pivot Origin widget sets the transform origin property. To use it, do one of the following:

Click a point in the widget to set the origin to a corner, the center of an edge, or the center. You can also define the values using the keyboard. When the widget is in focus, use the arrow keys to specify a point in the widget.
Enter values for X and Y and specify the unit.

ヒント

You can enter

px

after values. This automatically changes the displayed unit in the unit selector. You can also drag to define the values in the X and Y boxes.

注

The default value for the transform origin is center.

If you use percentages for both the X and Y values, the widget shows the new origin point when you edit the X and Y text boxes.

If you specify a transform origin point outside the element, such as having a value less than 0% or greater than 100%, the widget shows the directions of the X and Y axes.

A transform origin with an X value less than 0, and a Y value greater than 100. The pivot origin is highlighted in the bottom left corner.

Translate

The Translate control sets the translate property. To use it, enter values in the X and Y boxes and specify the unit.

ヒント

You can enter

px

after values. This automatically changes the displayed unit in the unit selector. You can also drag to define the values in the X and Y boxes.

Scale

The Scale control sets the scale property. To use it, enter values in the X and Y boxes and specify the unit.

ヒント

You can enter

px

after values. This automatically changes the displayed unit in the unit selector. You can also drag to define the values in the X and Y boxes.

Rotate

The Rotate control sets the rotate property. To use it, set the Axis values in the X, Y, and Z boxes, and set the angle value in the Angle box.

USS transform properties

You can use styling rules to set the transform properties for a visual element. You can set the styling rules within a USS file or inline in a UXML file.

transform-origin

The

transform-origin

property sets the transform origin along the X and Y axes in pixels or percentages.

You can also use keywords to set the value of the

transform-origin

attribute. These keywords match the dots in the widget in the UI Builder. The following keywords are supported:

Pivot point	Keywords
Center	`center` `center center` (This is the default value)
Center of left edge	`left` `left center` `center left`
Center of right edge	`right` `right center` `center right`
Center of top edge	`top` `top center` `center top`
Center of bottom edge	`bottom` `bottom center` `center bottom`
Top-left corner	`top left` `left top`
Top-right corner	`top right` `right top`
Bottom-left corner	`bottom left` `left bottom`
Bottom-right corner	`bottom right` `right bottom`

Examples


transform-origin: 0% 100%;transform-origin: 20px 10px;transform-origin: 0px 100%;transform-origin: 60% 10px;

translate

The

translate

property sets the translation along the X and Y axes in pixels or percentages relative to the size of this visual element. You can omit Y if it equals X.

Examples


translate: 80%;translate: 35px;translate: 5% 10px;translate: 24px 0%;

scale

The

scale

property sets the scale along the X and Y axes in pixels or percentages. You can omit Y if it equals X.

The keyword

none

sets no scale.

Examples


scale: 2.5;scale: -1 1;scale: none;

rotate

The

rotate

property sets the rotation using a number or a unit.

The keyword

none

sets no rotation.

Examples


rotate: 45deg;rotate: -100grad;rotate: -3.14rad;rotate: 0.75turn;rotate: none;

Transform C# properties

You can set the transform properties for a visual element in a C# script.

IStyle.transformOrigin

The

IStyle.transformOrigin

property sets the transform origin.

The

transformOrigin

property of the

style

is of type

StyleTransformOrigin

. Its constructor takes a

TransformOrigin

as an argument. You can construct a new

TransformOrigin

using an X value and a Y value. The X value and the Y value are of type

Length

Examples


//This example sets the transform origin of the element to be 100 pixels from the left edge and 50% of the way down from the top edge.element.style.transformOrigin = new StyleTransformOrigin(new TransformOrigin(new Length(100f, LengthUnit.Pixel), new Length(50f, LengthUnit.Percent)));

You can simplify the above code as follows using implicit conversions:


element.style.transformOrigin = new TransformOrigin(100, Length.Percent(50));

IStyle.translate

The

IStyle.translate

property sets the translation.

IStyle.translate

is of type

StyleTranslate

. Its constructor takes a

Translate

as an argument. You can construct a new

Translate

using an X value and a Y value. The X value and the Y value are of type

Length

Examples


//This example sets the translation of the element. The X-axis is 10% and the Y-axis is 50 pixels.element.style.translate = new StyleTranslate(new Translate(new Length(10f, LengthUnit.Percent), new Length(50f, LengthUnit.Pixel)));

You can simplify the above code as follows using implicit conversions:


element.style.translate = new Translate(Length.Percent(10), 50);

IStyle.scale

The

IStyle.scale

property sets the scale.

IStyle.scale

is of type

StyleScale

StyleScale

's constructor takes a Scale as an argument. You can construct this

Scale

with a

Vector2

Examples


element.style.scale = new StyleScale(new Scale(new Vector2(0.5f, -1f)));

You can simplify the code above as follows using implicit conversions:


element.style.scale = new Scale(new Vector2(0.5f, -1));

IStyle.rotate

The

IStyle.rotate

property sets the rotation.

The

IStyle.rotate

property is of type

StyleRotate

. The

StyleRotate

's constructor takes a

Rotate

as an argument. You can construct this

Rotate

with an

Angle

. You can construct an

Angle

with a float and an optional

AngleUnit

enum, or you can use static methods

Degrees()

Gradians()

Radians()

, and

Turns()

Examples


//Rotate by 180 degreeselements[0].style.rotate = new StyleRotate(new Rotate(new Angle(180f, AngleUnit.Degree)));//Rotate by 200 gradianselements[1].style.rotate = new StyleRotate(new Rotate(new Angle(200f, AngleUnit.Gradian)));//Rotate by pi radianselements[2].style.rotate = new StyleRotate(new Rotate(new Angle(Mathf.PI, AngleUnit.Radian)));//Rotate by half a turnelements[3].style.rotate = new StyleRotate(new Rotate(new Angle(0.5f, AngleUnit.Turn)));

You can simplify the above code as follows:


//Rotate by 180 degreeselements[0].style.rotate = new Rotate(180);//Rotate by 200 gradianselements[1].style.rotate = new Rotate(Angle.Gradians(200));//Rotate by pi radianselements[2].style.rotate = new Rotate(Angle.Radians(Mathf.PI));//Rotate by half a turnelements[3].style.rotate = new Rotate(Angle.Turns(0.5f));

Additional resources

Layout engine
CSS transform-origin property (Mozilla developer documentation)
CSS translate property (Mozilla developer documentation)
CSS rotate property (Mozilla developer documentation)
CSS scale property (Mozilla developer documentation)

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USS transform

Property

USS syntax

Description

Transform controls in the UI Builder

Pivot Origin

Translate

Scale

Rotate

USS transform properties

`transform-origin`

Pivot point

Keywords

`translate`

`scale`

`rotate`

Transform C# properties

`IStyle.transformOrigin`

`IStyle.translate`

`IStyle.scale`

`IStyle.rotate`

Additional resources